2004 - SUA 

AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS AND AGRIBUSINESS  - MEMBERS OF CONVOCATION

No.	Name
1	Abel Sengasenga
2	Abraham Stanslaus Akilimali
4	Addo Addo Missama
5	Agnes Nyanjali
6	Amos Ndabila
7	Angelista Kihaga
8	Apolinary Andrew
9	Aristidis Robert Mbwasi
10	Benedictat Boniface
11	Consolatha Kapinga
12	Dastan Ndanzi
13	Edimen Paulo
14	Elias Daniel
15	Elisha Bakuza Gachuvya
16	Willi
17	Ernest Mkondo
18	Ester Nzigilwa
19	FloraNyanana
20	Florence Ngiwavi
21	Fonga David
22	Geveronge Myombe
23	Grace Robert
24	Hawa Lumuli
25	Hellena Wakuganda
26	Humphry Linapa Cosmas
27	Joseph Nganga
28	Joseph Rutaizibwa
29	July Zabron
30	Kalistus Chonya
31	Karabirwe Lucas
32	Kibibi Ramos Makindara
33	Maneno Mwakatundu
34	Mwanahamisi Khalfani
35	Nassib Bakari
36	Nixon Seme
37	Ntahunyukiye Diomede
38	Paul Kidangaking'we Shempemba
39	Prosper Fivawo
40	Rebeca Samwel
41	Roselyne Alphonce
42	Saad Ahmad Mtambule
43	Samwel Julius Hiza
44	Seif Mohamed
45	Stansalus Nyavanga
46	Stephen Elhard Mguluka
47	Susan Mkenda
48	Tunu Awadhi
49	Lina Mrema
50	Waza Benjamin
51	Wilfred William
52	Wilson Kivanda
53	Wulystan Mtega

                                                             

‘My blood will nourish the tree that will bear the fruits of freedom. Tell my people that I love them. They must continue the fight.’

Solomon Kalushi Mahlangu – 10/07/1956 – 6/04/1979

The Amandla! Editorial Collective joins millions of our compatriots, comrades and friends in South Africa and around the world in congratulating the African National Congress on celebrating its centenary. As the first liberation movement on the African continent, we join in celebrating 100 years of the struggle for liberation. Like the ANC itself, we celebrate the contribution of the thousands of women and men who gave up their lives in the struggle for freedom under the banner of the black, green and gold. There are too many to really single out. However, one comrade stands out for his heroism: Solomon Kalushi Mahlangu. His dying words conjure the Che Guevara–like spirit of sacrifice and love that drove many to fight for freedom.  There was no thought of what they could get out of the struggle, what rewards or entitlements. Liberation, a life of dignity and the end of ALL forms of oppression and exploitation is what consumed fighters like Solomon Mahlangu. Imagine the lonely walk to the gallows, found guilty for crimes he did not commit and having the courage and love for the people to say: ‘Tell my people that I love them. They must continue the fight.’

Leaving aside the fact that apartheid has been overcome, can we imagine such commitment and sacrifice for noble ideals in present-day South Africa?

More and more people join the ANC to swell its ranks for ideals that are completely opposite those of comrades like Solomon Mahlangu. They join in the hunt for enrichment and status. The ANC in power is being turned into a movement that offends its history of struggle.

Under the modern ANC – the ANC in power, the ANC that controls the South African state − the conditions of the majority of our people are appalling. Official unemployment has increased from 13% in 1994 to between 24 and 25%  today. When those who have given up looking for work are included, unemployment stands closer to 40%! Having a job is no guarantee of a decent life. More than a third of all workers earn less than R1000 per month. Inequality has widened since the end of apartheid. This is not explained alone by the unfavourable international conditions in which the South African economy is integrated. Most of all, the failure to live up to the dreams for a new South Africa, which were so alive in 1994, is explained by a set of domestic policies that favour one part of society at the expense of the other.

Consider the following: for the whole period from 1995 to 2005 − since which wage statistics based on regular household surveys have disappeared − the real wages for all formally employed workers earning less than R200 000 per year have remained stagnant (see diagram), averaging below R3000 per month. It is a shocking and unacceptable fact that liberation, economically speaking, did not change ordinary South African formal work-life. It is reasonable to assume, given the increase in unemployment since the 2008 recession and the increased role of labour brokers, that real wages for the mass of ordinary workers has declined!

In terms of how the primary division of the national income between profits and wages has been developing since liberation, we are going backwards, not forwards. Since liberation, the capitalists, to put it bluntly, have controlled an ever-growing share of the growing national income (GDP). In 1994, the wage share to GDP was 55.9%. In 2010 it had fallen to 50.6%. Bear in mind that the wage share includes the remuneration of top management and (in some instances) even employers. This year, goods and services will be produced in South Africa to the value of about R3 000 billion. The 5% point drop in the wage share of the growing national income between 1994 and 2012 corresponds to R150 billion which, this year alone, will not be paid out to ordinary employees.

For millions of people, independent of their consciousness or their will, the struggle continues. They have no alternative. Every day in ‘liberated’ South Africa workers go on strike, communities protest lack of decent services, women struggle against violence and abuse, youth the lack of jobs and the loss of hope. An ANC of the people must make the radical changes that are demanded and ought to be joining these struggles, helping to inspire the new Solomon Mahlangus who will fight the good fight. That should be the guarantee of 100 more years.

In the current South Africa, Solomon Mahlangu would most likely repeat his words:

‘Tell my people that I love them. They must continue the fight.’

Happy New Year 2015

Top 30 Quotes, Best Sayings, Messages and Wishes!

Happy New Year 2015!

Another year starts and with it, new hopes and aspirations – a faint desire that sprouts in every human heart that speaks of happiness, prosperity and goodness to come.

As New Year 2015 begins, here are 30 best quotes, sayings, wishes and greetings to share with family, friends and loved ones.

The year gone-by might have shown grim state of affairs around the world with stories of bloodshed, tragedy and human failures never ceasing to seize the headlines.

But the excitement of a new year brings about an anticipation of a better future. This is one real moment that will touch the fabrics of human emotions that entails not only hope, but a reason to keep smiling and living life as it is.

Here, we have rounded up 30 quotes, sayings, messages and wishes that will guide you to express your feelings and help you extend best greetings for the New Year for your friends, family and loved ones, courtesy websites such as Brainy Quote, Good Reads, and others.

A: 15 Inspirational New Year Quotes from Great Writers:

·         "Your success and happiness lies in you. Resolve to keep happy, and your joy and you shall form an invincible host against difficulties".-- Helen Keller, American author, political activist, and lecturer

·         "Let our New Year's resolution be this: we will be there for one another as fellow members of humanity, in the finest sense of the word." - Goran Persson, former Prime Minister of Sweden

·         "The new year stands before us, like a chapter in a book, waiting to be written. We can help write that story by setting goals." --Melody Beattie, author of 'Codependent No More', 1987

·         "Be at war with your vices, at peace with your neighbors, and let every New Year find you a better man."-- Benjamin Franklin, 'Founding Father' of America

·         "And now we welcome the New Year. Full of things that have never been." --Rainer Maria Rilke, Bohemian-Austrian poet and novelist

·         "Every time you tear a leaf off a calendar, you present a new place for new ideas and progress." -- Charles Kettering, American inventor, engineer, businessman

·         "Hope smiles from the threshold of the year to come, whispering, 'It will be happier.'" --Alfred Lord Tennyson, British Poet

·         "Each age has deemed the new-born year the fittest time for festal cheer." --Walter Scott, Scottish historical novelist, playwright, and poet.

·         "Take a leap of faith and begin this wondrous new year by believing. Believe in yourself. And believe that there is a loving Source - a Sower of Dreams - just waiting to be asked to help you make your dreams come true." -- Sarah Ban Breathnach, author 

·         "For last year's words belong to last year's language

·         And next year's words await another voice." ― T.S. Eliot, Four Quartets (English writer, poet)

·         "Tomorrow, is the first blank page of a 365 page book. Write a good one." ― Brad Paisley, American singer-songwriter and musician

·         "We will open the book. Its pages are blank. We are going to put words on them ourselves. The book is called Opportunity and its first chapter is New Year's Day." ―Edith Lovejoy Pierce, Writer

·         "The great miraculous bell of translucent ice is suspended in mid-air.

·         It rings to announce endings and beginnings. And it rings because there is fresh promise and wonder in the skies. --Vera Nazarian, The Perpetual Calendar of Inspiration (American writer)

·         "As the year comes to an end, don't look back at yesterday's disappointment. Look ahead to God's promises yet to unfold." ― Buky Ojelabi, comtemporary blogger

·         I have no way of knowing how people really feel, but the vast majority of those I meet couldn't be nicer. Every once in a while someone barks at me. My New Year's resolution is not to bark back. -- Tucker Carlson, American Journalist

B: 15 Messages, Wishes and Greetings:

1.      Genuine success comes only to those who are ready for it. So never step back and always have courage to accept new challenges. Wishing you a very happy new year 2015.

2.      Let's have party because it's New Year time. Celebrate Happy New Year 2015 with me all the night, so that we can end the year together and start the new year together.

3.      May you get succeed in the year 2015 and achieve all your goals you have set.

4.      New Year is the time to remember all the memories we share, all the fun things we did, all the secrets we poured out for distance is the last thing that can create a rift in our friendship.

5.      May this New Year give you the courage to triumph over your vices and embrace the virtues.

6.      This year lets make a promise to follow the resolutions you make more strictly and achieve what you truly desire in your life..

7.      Wish You a Great, Prosperous, Blissful, Healthy, Bright, Delightful, Energetic and Extremely Happy, HAPPY NEW YEAR 2015.

8.      Let’s gather around and celebrate the dawn of sparkling New Year. May it bring gifts of joys, good health and surprises. Best wishes.

9.      May 2015 greet you with days as fragrant as roses, as colorful as rainbow, as bright as sunshine and as happy and cheerful as a lark.

10.  May the year 2015 be like a blank book that is waiting your intervention to fill up its 365 pages with all the colours under the sun making it a vibrant addition to your life.

11.  May the year 2015 give you the opportunity to realise your dreams, rediscover your strengths, muster your willpower and rejoice the simple pleasures that life would bring your way.

12.  This New Year message has nothing much to say but to request your lips to stretch a little and brighten this world with a sweet smile.

1.      May the New Year give you the strength to face the challenges of life and courage to adjust the sail so as to take every situation to your stride.

1.      When the New Year arrives, it brings new ideas and hopes for us to make our lives good to better and better to best. Happy New Year!

2.      The New Year gives you fresh 365 days to play with – fill them up with whatever your heart desires so that you have no regrets at the end of the annual cycle.

Happy New Year. 2015.

Thank You!

NELSON MANDELA SPEECHES

NELSON MANDELA SPEECHES

In his long history Nelson Mandela has made many speeches on many occasions. Some of these Mandela speeches have been compiled into books, and many things Mandela has said in his speeches have become famous quotes. The Nelson Mandela inaugural speech is possibly his most famous. Any Nelson Mandela speech is well worth reading or listening to though.

As with the man himself a Mandela speech is usually well constructed, well thought out and packed with intelligence and meaning. The Mandela inauguration speech of 1994 is packed with purpose and feeling. The end of a long struggle and the beginnings of shining hope are what really come through. The ANC had struggled so long to make democracy in South Africa a reality. Mandela himself went through 27 years of imprisonment. Now here he and his country stood "Free at last"

The Nelson Mandela inauguration speech given at Cape Town on May 19, 1994 begins – "Today we are entering a new era for our country and its people. Today we celebrate not the victory of a party, but a victory for all the people of South Africa." This was not just a victory for South Africa though but a victory for democracy everywhere. It is perhaps the Nelson Mandela inaugural speech given at Pretoria on May 10 that most people will remember most. "The time for the healing of the wounds has come,. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come. The time to build is upon us" are moving words for a nation that had struggled so long. Nelson Rolihlahla could have chosen to lead the ANC into further conflict when he was released from prison, but he didn't. This Mandela inauguration speech is recognised as an almost perfect display of forgiveness.

Forgiveness for a political system that had for so long held the nation down and forgiveness for the imprisonment of him and others are the implications in the Nelson Mandela speech 1994.

Hope and progression are the other main hallmarks the Nelson Mandela inauguration speech. In fact themes of hope and steadfastness come through in many Mandela speeches.

You can listen to the Mandela inaugural speech on somewhere like YouTube, but it is a good idea to read the words too. There are Mandela speeches available for reading from the 1950's through to today, although Mandiba has retired and makes no more official speeches. His speeches give an insight into the long struggle for democracy and into his beliefs about humanity. To understand who Nelson Mandela is and what he has meant to his country and the world it is worth reading his speeches and at least his autobiography.

The Nelson Mandela inauguration was a moment in history not to be missed. This leader of power and vision has much to share with us all. Perhaps starting with the Mandela inauguration is a bit like reading a book backwards, but it doesn't really matter where you start with Mandiba's speeches. They all have something to say and lead you to somewhere else.

INAUGURAL SPEECH, PRETORIA (MANDELA) - 05/10/1994

Nelson Mandela's inaugural speech,

Pretoria May 10,

Date: Wed, 11 May 1994 13:37:00 - 0400

STATEMENT OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS,NELSON MANDELA, AT HIS INAUGURATION AS PRESIDENT OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, UNION BUILDINGS, PRETORIA, MAY 10 1994

Your Majesties,

Your Highnesses,

Distinguished Guests,

Comrades and Friends:

Today, all of us do, by our presence here, and by our celebrations in other parts of our country and the world, confer glory and hope to newborn liberty.

Out of the experience of an extraordinary human disaster that lasted too long, must be born a society of which all humanity will be proud.

Our daily deeds as ordinary South Africans must produce an actual South African reality that will reinforce humanity's belief in justice, strengthen its confidence in the nobility of the human soul and sustain all our hopes for a glorious life for all.

All this we owe both to ourselves and to the peoples of the world who are so well represented here today.

To my compatriots, I have no hesitation in saying that each one of us is as intimately attached to the soil of this beautiful country as are the famous jacaranda trees of Pretoria and the mimosa trees of the bushveld.

Each time one of us touches the soil of this land, we feel a sense of personal renewal. The national mood changes as the seasons change.

We are moved by a sense of joy and exhilaration when the grass turns green and the flowers bloom.

That spiritual and physical oneness we all share with this common homeland explains the depth of the pain we all carried in our hearts as we saw our country tear itself apart in a terrible conflict, and as we saw it spurned, outlawed and isolated by the peoples of the world, precisely because it has become the universal base of the pernicious ideology and practice of racism and racial oppression.

We, the people of South Africa, feel fulfilled that humanity has taken us back into its bosom, that we, who were outlaws not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to be host to the nations of the world on our own soil.

We thank all our distinguished international guests for having come to take possession with the people of our country of what is, after all, a common victory for justice, for peace, for human dignity.

We trust that you will continue to stand by us as we tackle the challenges of building peace, prosperity, non-sexism, non-racialism and democracy.

We deeply appreciate the role that the masses of our people and their political mass democratic, religious, women, youth, business, traditional and other leaders have played to bring about this conclusion. Not least among them is my Second Deputy President, the Honorable F. W. de Klerk.

We would also like to pay tribute to our security forces, in all their ranks, for the distinguished role they have played in securing our first democratic elections and the transition to democracy, from blood-thirsty forces which still refuse to see the light.

The time for the healing of the wounds has come.

The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come.

The time to build is upon us.

We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation. We pledge ourselves to liberate all our people from the continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender and other discrimination.

We succeeded to take our last steps to freedom in conditions of relative peace. We commit ourselves to the construction of a complete, just and lasting peace.

We have triumphed in the effort to implant hope in the breasts of the millions of our people. We enter into a covenant that we shall build the society in which all South Africans, both black and white, will be able to walk tall, without any fear in their hearts, assured of their inalienable right to human dignity - a rainbow nation at peace with itself and the world.

As a token of its commitment to the renewal of our country,the new Interim Government of National Unity will, as a matter of urgency, address the issue of amnesty for various categories of our people who are currently serving terms of imprisonment.

We dedicate this day to all the heroes and heroines in this country and the rest of the world who sacrificed in many ways and surrendered their lives so that we could be free.

Their dreams have become reality. Freedom is their reward.

We are both humbled and elevated by the honour and privilege that you, the people of South Africa, have bestowed on us, as the first President of a united, democratic, non-racial and non-sexist South Africa, to lead our country out of the valley of darkness.

We understand it still that there is no easy road to freedom.

We know it well that none of us acting alone can achieve success.

We must therefore act together as a united people, for national reconciliation, for nation building, for the birth of a new world.

Let there be justice for all.

Let there be peace for all.

Let there be work, bread, water and salt for all.

Let each know that for each the body, the mind and the soul have been freed to fulfill themselves.

Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world.

Let freedom reign.

The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement!

God bless Africa!

Thank you.

Is Warren Buffett Really A Value Investor?

He's one of the most famous investors of all time and has certainly earned his nickname of "The Oracle of Omaha". Warren Buffett has long been hailed as a value investor. But is that statement still accurate? 

What Is Value Investing?

Value investing can mean a number of different things, but is generally meant to refer to a class of investors who look for investments trading at a price below where certain valuation fundamentals suggest they should be trading at. For example, a stock can trade at a price-to-earnings (P/E) or price-to-book (P/B) value below its peers or the market average in general. Overall, value investing is an investment philosophy of finding undervalued securities that should eventually increase in value to be closer in line with (or above) the metrics of rivals or stock market averages. 

On the flip side, growth investors are said to be more interested in the growth potential of a security whose underlying company has above-average sales or profit expansion prospects. Given this higher growth potential, a growth investor may be willing to pay above-average P/E, P/B or other valuation metrics compared to rivals or the market in general.

The value investing crowd has its origins in the 1934 text "Security Analysis" by Benjamin Graham and David Dodd and has been further developed by Warren Buffett, a past student of Graham who has also preached that a security eventually trades up to its intrinsic value. Buffett championed Graham's approach to buy a security with a satisfactory margin of safety, or, in Graham's words, "a favourable difference between price on the one hand and indicated or appraised value on the other." (This simple measure can help investors determine whether a stock is a good deal. 

Where Does Buffett Fit?

In this context, Buffett is considered a value investor. More specifically, he relies on estimating a firm's future cash flows and discounting them back to the present to get an estimated intrinsic value for a company when it comes to investing in its stock. Intrinsic value is a theoretical value assuming one could know a firm's future cash flows with certainty, so the reality is that it is a very subjective measure and investors may come to widely varying estimations of intrinsic value, even when looking at the same set of data, valuation metrics, etc. 

But in the context of value versus growth investing, Buffett is actually a bit of both. In his words, "growth and value investing are joined at the hip" and that understanding is required to find a company and underlying stock with solid growth prospects and a market value well below intrinsic value. The best illustration of this is the growth of Berkshire Hathaway's non-insurance businesses over the past four decades. Below is a chart that Buffett provided in Berkshire's 2010 shareholder letter:

Period	Annual Earnings Growth
1970-1980	20.8%
1980-1990	18.4%
1990-2000	24.5%
2000-2010	20.5%

Over this time period, earnings growth averaged 21% annually while Berkshire's stock price grew at an annual compounded rate of 22.1%, almost completely mirroring the growth in earnings. In this respect, Buffett is the ultimate growth investor because earnings grew about twice the level of the stock market during this period. In Buffett's words from this year's shareholder letter, "market prices and intrinsic value often follow very different paths - sometimes for extended periods - but eventually they meet." (Find out how Mr. Market's mood swings can mean great opportunities for you.

The Bottom Line

Again, perhaps the most appropriate conclusion to make is that Buffett is both a value and growth investor. At the outset of making an investment, it is reasonable to conclude that he uses a margin of safety by purchasing a stock with valuation metrics that are well below average. But overall, growth has to be there so that the firm can eventually trade up closer to its intrinsic value and growth potential must be well above average to double the market's return over the long haul. 

To be a truly successful investor, individuals must take both a value and growth perspective when it comes to spotting undervalued investments and outperforming the market over time. Valuation multiples including P/E and P/B ratios are a good starting point, but at the end of the day it is also necessary to estimate a firm's growth prospects and cash flows going forward, and come to an independent determination of intrinsic value.

Thank You!